ieeeconf.cls

%%
%% IEEEtran.cls 2002/11/18 version V1.6b
%% 
%% NOTE: This text file uses MS Windows line feed conventions. When (human)
%% reading this file on other platforms, you may have to use a text
%% editor that can handle lines terminated by the MS Windows line feed
%% characters (0x0D 0x0A).
%% 
%% 
%% This is the official IEEE LaTeX class for authors of the Institute of 
%% Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Transactions journals and
%% conferences.
%% 
%% The latest version and documentation of IEEEtran can be obtained at:
%% http://www.ieee.org
%% and/or
%% http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/IEEEtran/
%% 
%% The CTAN page may have additional files related to obscure, 
%% non-IEEE standard and/or platform dependent use of this tool.
%%
%% Based on the original 1993 IEEEtran.cls, but with many bug fixes
%% and enhancements (from both JVH and MDS) over the 1996/7 version.
%%
%%
%% Contributors:
%% Gerry Murray (1993), Silvano Balemi (1993),
%% Jon Dixon (1996), Peter N"uchter (1996),
%% Juergen von Hagen (2000), and Michael Shell (2001-2002)
%% 
%% 
%% Copyright (c) 1993-2002 by Gerry Murray, Silvano Balemi, 
%%                         Jon Dixion, Peter N"uchter,
%%                         Juergen von Hagen and Michael Shell
%%
%% Current maintainer (V1.3 to V1.6): Michael Shell
%%                                    mshell@ece.gatech.edu
%%                                    See the CTAN website above
%%                                    for current contact information.
%%
%% Special thanks to Peter Wilson (CUA) and Donald Arseneau
%% for allowing the inclusion of the \@ifmtarg command 
%% from their ifmtarg LaTeX package. 
%% 
%%**********************************************************************
%% Legal Notice:
%% This code is offered as-is without any warranty either
%% expressed or implied; without even the implied warranty of
%% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE!
%% User assumes all risk.
%% In no event shall IEEE or any contributor to this code
%% be liable for any damages or losses, including, but not limited to,
%% incidental, consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the
%% use or misuse of any information contained here.
%% 
%% All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not
%% necessarily endorsed by the IEEE.
%%
%% This code is distributed under the Perl Artistic License 
%% ( http://language.perl.com/misc/Artistic.html ) 
%% and may be freely used, distributed and modified.
%% Retain the contribution notices and credits.
%% 
%% Major changes to the user interface should be indicated by an 
%% increase in the version numbers. If a version is a beta, it will 
%% be indicated with a BETA suffix, i.e., 1.4 BETA.
%% Small changes can be indicated by appending letters to the version
%% such as "IEEEtran_v14a.cls".
%% In all cases, \Providesclass, any \typeout messages to the user,
%% \IEEEtransversionmajor and \IEEEtransversionminor must reflect the
%% correct version information.
%% The changes should also be documented via source comments.
%%**********************************************************************
%%
%
% Available class options 
% (e.g., \documentclass[10pt,conference]{ieeeconf} 
% 
%             *** choose only one from each category ***
%
% 9pt, 10pt, 11pt, 12pt
%    Sets normal font size. The default is 10pt.
% 
% conference, journal, technote, peerreview, peerreviewca
%    determines format mode - conference papers, journal papers,
%    correspondence papers (technotes), or peer review papers. The user
%    should also select 9pt when using technote. peerreview is like
%    journal mode, but provides for a single-column "cover" title page for
%    anonymous peer review. The paper title (without the author names) is
%    repeated at the top of the page after the cover page. For peer review
%    papers, the \IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle command must be executed (will
%    automatically be ignored for non-peerreview modes) at the place the
%    cover page is to end, usually just after the abstract (keywords are
%    not normally used with peer review papers). peerreviewca is like
%    peerreview, but allows the author names to be entered and formatted
%    as with conference mode so that author affiliation and contact
%    information can be easily seen on the cover page.
%    The default is journal.
%
% draft, draftcls, draftclsnofoot, final
%    determines if paper is formatted as a widely spaced draft (for
%    handwritten editor comments) or as a properly typeset final version.
%    draftcls restricts draft mode to the class file while all other LaTeX
%    packages (i.e., \usepackage{graphicx}) will behave as final - allows
%    for a draft paper with visible figures, etc. draftclsnofoot is like
%    draftcls, but does not display the date and the word "DRAFT" at the foot
%    of the pages. If using one of the draft modes, the user will probably
%    also want to select onecolumn.
%    The default is final.
%
% letterpaper, a4paper
%    determines paper size: 8.5in X 11in or 210mm X 297mm. CHANGING THE PAPER
%    SIZE WILL NOT ALTER THE TYPESETTING OF THE DOCUMENT - ONLY THE MARGINS
%    WILL BE AFFECTED. In particular, documents using the a4paper option will
%    have reduced side margins (A4 is narrower than US letter) and a longer
%    bottom margin (A4 is longer than US letter). For both cases, the top
%    margins will be the same and the text will be horizontally centered. 
%    For final submission to IEEE, authors should use US letter (8.5 X 11in)
%    paper. Note that authors should ensure that all post-processing 
%    (ps, pdf, etc.) uses the same paper specificiation as the .tex document.
%    Problems here are by far the number one reason for incorrect margins.
%    IEEEtran will automatically set the default paper size under pdflatex 
%    (without requiring a change to pdftex.cfg), so this issue is more
%    important to dvips users. Fix config.ps, config.pdf, or ~/.dvipsrc for
%    dvips, or use the dvips -t papersize option instead as needed. See the
%    testflow documentation
%    http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/IEEEtran/testflow
%    for more details on dvips paper size configuration.
%    The default is letterpaper.
%
% oneside, twoside
%    determines if layout follows single sided or two sided (duplex)
%    printing. The only notable change is with the headings at the top of
%    the pages.
%    The default is oneside.
%
% onecolumn, twocolumn
%    determines if text is organized into one or two columns per page. One
%    column mode is usually used only with draft papers.
%    The default is twocolumn.
%
% nofonttune
%    turns off tuning of the font interword spacing. Maybe useful to those
%    not using the standard Times fonts or for those who have already "tuned"
%    their fonts.
%    The default is to enable IEEEtran to tune font parameters.
%
%
%*******
% 11/2002 V1.6b (MDS) changes:
%
% 1) Fixed problem with figure captions when using hyperref. Thanks to 
%    Leandro Barajas and Michael Bassetti for reporting this bug.
%
% 2) Provide a fake nabib command \NAT@parse so that hyperref will not
%    interfere with the operation of cite.sty. However, as a result citation
%    numbers will not be hyperlinked. Also, natbib will not be able to work
%    with IEEEtran. However, this is perhaps the best solution until cite.sty
%    and hyperref.sty are able to co-exist with each other.
%    It easy enough to override the fake command via:
%    \makeatletter
%    \let\NAT@parse\undefined
%    \makeatother
%
% 3) Revised font selection method so as not to have problems when used
%    with setspace.sty. Thanks to Zhang Yan for reporting this bug.
%
% 4) Added \special to feed papersize to dvips. Thanks to Moritz Borgmann 
%    for suggesting this feature.
%
% 5) In addition to the IEEE IED lists, the original IED style list
%    environments (as is done in article.cls) are now provided as
%    LaTeXitemize, LaTeXenumerate, and LaTeXdescription. Also, users can
%    now redefine \makelabel within IEEE IED list controls. There may be
%    some use for this in specialized applications. Thanks to Eli Barzilay
%    for suggesting this feature.
%
% 6) \table* now defaults to \footnotesize text like \table.
%
% 7) The draft modes now no longer force a pagebreak after the title.
%    Thanks to Christian Peel for suggesting this change.
%
% 8) New draftclsnofoot mode is like draftcls, but does not display the
%    date and the word "DRAFT" at the foot of the page. Thanks to
%    Christian Peel for suggesting this feature.
%
% 9) New peerreview and peerreviewca modes with \IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle
%    command allows for a "cover" titlepage for anonymous peer review.
%    Except for the cover titlepage, peerreview is much like journal mode.
%    peerreviewca is like peerreview, but allows the author names to be
%    entered and formatted as under conference mode so that author
%    affiliations and contact information can be easily seen on the cover
%    page. Thanks to Eric Benedict for suggesting this feature.
%
%
%*******
% 7/2002 V1.6 (MDS) changes:
% 
% 1) Added conference mode via conference option. Defaults to the traditional
%    journal mode. i.e., \documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}
% 
% 2) Added support for A4 paper via new a4paper option. Pdflatex's paper size
%    lengths are now automatically set to the proper paper size being used.
% 
% 3) Revised margins again. Page text is now horizontally centered.
%    Conference mode increases the top and bottom margins with the bottom
%    margin being slightly larger. For A4 paper, the top margin and text
%    typesetting will not change from those of US letter paper, but the side
%    margins will be smaller and the bottom margin will be larger than that of
%    US letter. All per IEEE specs.
%
% 4) Fixed footnote line spacing anomaly in draft mode. 
%    Thanks to Alberto Rodriguez for reporting this bug.
%    
%    Also, slightly revised footnote and \thanks note spacing.
%    Set \interfootnotelinepenalty=10000 to prevent LaTeX
%    from breaking footnotes across multiple pages or columns.
%
% 5) Fixed bug that caused overwritten photo areas and sometimes anomalous
%    spacing when a new paragraph was started within a biography. Also,
%    the presence of \par's, new lines or spaces at the beginning of
%    abstract, keywords, biography, or biographynophoto will no longer
%    affect the first word spacing.
%    Thanks to Eric Durant for reporting this bug.
%    
%    The biography environment now does a better job in preventing
%    a biography photo area from being broken across pages or columns.
%
% 6) Fixed whitespace between \cite entries bug. i.e.,
%    both \cite{einstein24, knuth84} and \cite{einstein24,knuth84}
%    are now valid. \cite is now a robust command as it should be.
%    IEEEtran now no longer defines the old non-standard \shortcite or 
%    \citename.
%    
%    The base IEEEtran.cls does not sort citation numbers or produce ranges
%    for three or more consecutive numbers. However, V1.6 of IEEEtran.cls 
%    now pre-defines the following format control macros to facilitate easy 
%    use with Donald Arseneau's cite.sty package (tested with cite.sty V3.9):  
%
%    \def\citepunct{], [}
%    \def\citedash{]--[}
%    
%    cite.sty is standard on most LaTeX sytems and can be obtained from
%    www.ctan.org. Thanks to Donald Arseneau for creating cite.sty, providing
%    the required format arguments to produce the IEEE style. and
%    designing a cite interface capable of handling the IEEE citation
%    style.
%    
%    Note: Historically, IEEE has wanted authors to "hardcode" symbolics.
%    (i.e., replace all \cite{} with fixed [x]). However, it now seems that
%    most electronic manuscript submissions to IEEE are in .pdf format, and 
%    as such, do not require the LaTeX document reference numbers to be hard
%    coded. If an author is required to submit actual LaTeX files, I do 
%    recommend that the bibliography file (.bbl) be copied into the .tex 
%    document and the \bibliographystyle{} and \bibliography{} commands be 
%    commented out so that the .tex file does not depend on (potentially 
%    lengthy and/or confidential) external bibliography database files.
%
% 7) Adjusted some spacing parameters. The spacing above and below equations
%    has been revised (to a typical IEEE value). \jot now has a decent value.
%    The title text is now exactly 24pt. (On a related note, \fontsubfuzz has
%    been increased to 0.9pt to prevent annoying font substitution warnings
%    when using the Computer Modern fonts that use the 24.88pt size.)
%    In V1.6, \small is now 8.5pt in 9pt docs because \footnotesize is 8pt. 
%    For 9pt docs, you should probably go ahead and use \footnotesize when you
%    need text a little smaller than \normalsize.
%    The interword spacing has been adjusted to be extremely close to that
%    which IEEE uses. You can use a new class option, nofonttune, if you need
%    to disable the adjusting of the interword spacing. This adjustment and
%    an increase to \hyphenpenalty have greatly reduced the amount of
%    hyphenation in a typical paper.
%       The baselineskip for the normalsize fonts has been tweaked to reduce
%    underfull vboxes on journal paper columns with only paragraphs. 
%    Conference mode does the same thing but by also tweaking the \textheight
%    slightly off 9.25in (IEEE spec) to ensure an integer number of lines per
%    page. Draft (also draftcls) mode has also been revised to reduce 
%    underfull vbox warnings. However, draft mode can still produce underfull
%    vboxes (a direct result of the increase in line spacing and margins) if:
%    A non-normalsize font occupies an entire column (abstract and index terms
%    take up a whole column by themselves); or the beginning of a section
%    occurs near the end of a column and cannot be squeezed into the bottom,
%    etc. This is normal as draft mode's liberal spacings cannot guarantee
%    perfect formatting.
%
% 8) New biographynophoto environment for biographies without photos.
%    Usage: 
%    
%    \begin{biographynophoto}{author name}
%    biography text here 
%    \end{biographynophoto}
%    
% 9) Fixed bug that produced multiple table of contents entries for papers
%    with more than one biography. Also, biography now works better with
%    hyperref.
% 
%10) New \sublargesize font size command provides for 11pt text in a 10pt
%    document. (Needed for things like author names.) For documents not
%    using 10pt normal size text, \sublargesize is currently identical 
%    to \large.
%
%11) New \IEEEmembership command to provide correct font to indicate IEEE
%    membership for journal papers.
%
%12) Fixed author name line overflow problem when in journal mode. This
%    problem had been introduced in V1.5 in my rush to get \and to work for
%    conferences. \and is unneeded (and invalid) in journal mode. For 
%    conference mode, \and will work as expected and features an optional
%    spacing argument. i.e., \and[\hspace{5ex}] 
%    \and will default (recommended) to using \hfill which will result in
%    equal spacing between author blocks.
% 
%13) New \authorblockN, \authorblockA and \authorrefmark commands to 
%    facilitate easy formatting of author names, affiliations and cross
%    reference symbols, respectively, when in conference mode. These 
%    three commands are to be used only for conference papers.
%    In conference mode, \author text is placed within a modified tabular
%    environment (somewhat like article.cls). So, within \author in conference
%    mode, you should not try to enclose multiple \\ within an environment or
%    command (other than the argument braces of \authorblockX{}). For example:
%    
%    \author{\authorblockN{{John Doe \\ Jane Doe}}} % WRONG!
%    
%    will generate an error. 
%  
%    Note that font size/attribute changes will now persists across \\ within
%    \author. (But, not across author blocks nor across \and.)
%    However, with the new commands, there should be no need to alter any
%    font attributes within \author. All text sizing and spacing within 
%    \author{} and the author block commands is per IEEE specs for both 
%    conference and journal modes. (In conference mode, the author names
%    are only very slightly larger than the affiliations which are in normal
%    size.) For specialized applications you can alter the justification of
%    author lines by placing \hfill at the beginning or at the end of a line.
%    The interline spacing within \author is determined by the font attributes
%    that are in effect at the end of each line within author.
% 
%14) Because the titles and author name blocks use different font sizes/styles
%    from the main text, it was possible that two column papers with titles that
%    span both columns (standard journal and conference papers, but not technotes)
%    with certain numbers of lines for the title and authors' name/affiliations
%    can cause underfull vbox problems (paragraphs with large spacings between
%    them) in the second column of the main text on the title page - if there were
%    no new sections, equations or figures in this column (they would provide some
%    needed rubber spacing). The use of things like special paper notices and
%    publisher ID marks also affected this issue. The problem could not happen
%    in the first column because the first column has a rubber length around the
%    heading of the first section. Furthermore, problems seldom occurred on pages
%    after the first as the margins had been chosen not to cause it with the popular
%    font sizes. Rubber lengths after the author names would not fix this problem.
%       Auto-calculating a "good" spacing after the title is a tad difficult
%    to do in LaTeX. However, I am pleased to report that V1.6 has this new
%    capability - "dynamically determined title spacing". IEEEtran will now
%    measure the height of all the title and author text in \maketitle
%    and then calculate a rigid (non-rubber) spacer to follow that meets
%    IEEE specs and also produces a \textheight on the title page that ensures
%    an integer number of normalsized lines on the rest of the page. Single
%    column  papers, and two column papers with the title entirely in column
%    one (technotes) do not need dynamic rigid spacing and therefore use
%    standard rubber spacers.
%    
%    Note: This problem can still crop up if you use floats that span both
%    columns (i.e., figure*). It has been a decade+ long limitation with LaTeX
%    that the stretchable portion of \dbltextfloatsep is ignored. 
%    If you get a problem with underful vbox warnings and paragraphs that "are
%    pulled apart" on page with a float that spans both columns, tweak the 
%    space between the figure and the main text a little:
%    
%    \vskip 5pt
%    \end{figure*}
%    
%    If you can't find a value that fixes both columns, you are going to
%    have to put a rubber spacer somewhere in one or both of the columns.
% 
%15) Because of change #14 above, those of you using \pubid will, as of V1.6,
%    have to place it *before* \maketitle in order for it have the intended 
%    affect. The dynamic spacer algorithm must see if you are using \pubid when
%    \maketitle is called. \pubidadjcol works as before except that it now 
%    has additional logic to prevent it from doing anything if \pubid was never
%    called.
%    
%16) In some unusual, non-standard circumstances, an author may desire to
%    alter the spacing after the title area or put some unusual text above
%    the main text. For instance, to stop a bad break when a new section
%    occurs right at the start of the second page. This is difficult to do
%    when the title spans both columns of two column text since LaTeX treats
%    such title text as a type of float. A new command, \IEEEaftertitletext{}, 
%    gives access to the end of that produced by \maketitle. The types of
%    things that can go into \IEEEaftertitletext are the same as those into 
%    \twocolumn[] - no \par, but \\ are OK. There is no restriction on the
%    range of spacings that can be used. 
%    i.e., \IEEEaftertitletext{\vspace{-100pt}} will push the main text well
%    into the title and \IEEEaftertitletext{\vspace{100pt}} will push it far down
%    the page. You will have complete control. If used, place
%    \IEEEaftertitletext{} before \maketitle like \title and \author. IEEEtran's
%    dynamic title spacing intentionally does not take into consideration the 
%    contents of \IEEEaftertitletext{} when determining the spacer after the title
%    area (otherwise it would try to second guess you), so the user will have
%    manually adjust the height of the contents in \IEEEaftertitletext{} if the
%    problem discussed in #14 above should develop. A safe bet is to keep
%    the height of contents of \IEEEaftertitletext{} to integer multiples of 
%    \baselineskip, i.e., \IEEEaftertitletext{\vspace{-1\baselineskip}} 
%    
%    Because it can result in an IEEE nonstandard format, the use of
%    \IEEEaftertitletext{} is discouraged. Possible uses include (1) the use of
%    IEEEtran for non-IEEE work with different title spacing requirements,
%    or (2) as an emergency manual override if a problem should develop in 
%    IEEEtran's automatic spacing algorithm.
% 
%17) completely rewritten \PARstart to:
%    a. no longer have problems when the user begins an environment
%       within the paragraph that uses \PARstart.
%    b. auto-detect and use the current font family
%    c. revise handling of the space at the end of the first word so that
%       interword glue will now work as normal.
%    d. produce correctly aligned edges for the (two) indented lines.
%
%    Because the current font family is now auto-detected, there is no
%    longer any need for \CMPARstart - it is now the same as \PARstart.
%   
%18) There is now a new "open box" Q.E.D. symbol (\QEDopen) as well as the
%    original default (\QED) closed one (\QEDclosed). Some journals use
%    the open form. To make \proof use the open form, just do:
%    \renewcommand{\QED}{\QEDopen}
%
%19) Additional \typeout{} notices added to warn the user when unusual 
%    settings/commands are detected or as reminders to avoid common errors
%    when in conference mode.
%
%20) IEEEtran now provides \abovecaptionskip and \belowcaptionskip skip
%    registers because article class provides them and some packages
%    may error if they are missing. However, IEEEtran only uses 
%    \abovecaptionskip for actual caption spacing.
%
%21) Fixed bug that prevented users from redefining the section headings
%    to use arabic digits. Thanks to Richardt H. Wilkinson for reporting
%    this bug.
%
%22) Code cleaned up to be more efficient with the use of TeX registers;
%    removed some old LaTeX 2.09 code; revised option processing to 
%    LaTeX2e standard; eliminated unwanted "phantom" spaces in some
%    environments.
%
%23) Added new \IEEEeqnarray, \IEEEeqnarraybox, \IEEEeqnarrayboxm and 
%    \IEEEeqnarrayboxt environments to provide superior alternatives to the
%    standard LaTeX \eqnarray, \array and \tabular. Additional new support
%    commands include \IEEEeqnarraydecl, \IEEEeqnarrayboxdecl,
%    \IEEEeqnarraymathstyle, \IEEEeqnarraytextstyle, \yesnumber. \IEEEnonumber,
%    \IEEEyesnumber, \IEEEyessubnumber, \IEEEeqnarraynumspace, \IEEEeqnarraymulticol,
%    \IEEEeqnarrayomit, \IEEEeqnarraydefcol, \IEEEeqnarraydefcolsep, \IEEEeqnarrayseprow,
%    \IEEEeqnarrayseprowcut, \IEEEeqnarrayrulerow, \IEEEeqnarraydblrulerowcut,
%    \IEEEeqnarraystrutmode, \IEEEeqnarraystrutsize, \IEEEeqnarraystrutsizeadd, 
%    \IEEEvisiblestrutstrue, \IEEEvisiblestrutsfalse and \IEEEstrut.
%    These are documented in the user's guide.
%    
%24) V1.6 changed back to using () around theorem names (which are also now in italics)
%    as this is what IEEE is using now. Thanks to Christian Peel for reporting this.
%    Also, when section numbers are used as the first part of theorem numbers, display
%    them in arabic, not Roman.
%    
%25) New \IEEEtriggeratref{X} command allows a page break to be triggered just
%    before the given reference number "X". This is most useful when balancing
%    the columns on the last page and a \newpage between references is desired.
%    \IEEEtriggercmd{X} allows a different command to be executed at trigger.
%
%
%*******
% 7/2001 V1.5 (MDS) changes:
%
%
% 1) Fixed \and within \author bug: (! Misplaced \crcr. \endtabular ->\crcr)
%    Thanks to Rainer Dorsch for discovering and reporting that \and 
%    did not work.
%    
% 2) Fixed the biography environment so that if a biography's text is shorter
%    than the area allocated for the photo, a collision with the next
%    biography does not occur. You can now put real graphics (using the
%    graphicx package) into the biography photo box with a new optional 
%    argument of the biography command! For example:
%    
%    \begin{biography}[{\includegraphics[width=1in,height=1.25in,clip,keepaspectratio]{./tux.eps}}]{Linux Penguin}
%    
%    will use the specified graphic as the author's photo. The photo area is
%    exactly 1in wide by 1.25in high - as is done in IEEE Transactions. Try
%    to keep the same 4:5 aspect ratio if scanning/cropping your photos. 
%    Note the need for the extra set of enclosing braces around the
%    \includegraphics. Without it, The LaTeX parser may get confused when it
%    sees the \includegraphics's brackets within the biography's optional
%    argument. Due to the length of the \includegraphics command, you may wish
%    to define your own shorthand form of it. I have not done so with IEEEtran 
%    to prevent dependence on the graphicx package. If you do not use the 
%    optional argument, or leave it empty, a standard frame box with the 
%    words "Place Photo Here" will be used. If you want the space to remain
%    completely empty, you can do:
%    
%    \begin{biography}[\mbox{}]{The Invisible Man} 
%    
%    The interface to biography's optional argument is into a
%    1in X 1.25in minipage in which the argument text is centered both 
%    horizontally and vertically:
%    
%    \begin{minipage}[b][1.25in][c]{1in}%
%    \centering
%    #1%
%    \end{minipage}
%    
%    Within the biography environment, \unitlength is set to 1in.
%    With this in mind, you can even design your own custom frameboxes.
%    For instance:
%    
%    \begin{biography}[\framebox(1,1.25){\parbox[][\height][c]{0.9in}{\centering PLACE\\ PHOTO\\ HERE}}]{Author Name}
%    
%    will yield the same type of result as the default photo box.
%    
%    Thanks to Herbert Voss for discovering the collision bug, suggesting the ability
%    to handle graphics and providing some prototype code.
%
%
%
%*******
% 3/2001 V1.4 (MDS) changes:
%
%
% 1) New "draftcls" and "final" options have been added.
%    Thanks to Dragan Cvetkovic for suggesting an option like draftcls.
%    
% 2) Documentation changes to reflect the fact that this IEEEtran.cls 
%    is no longer beta test.
%
% 3) Slightly revised caption sizes. Figure and table captions are now 
%    in \footnotesize, not \small as before.
%
% 4) Allow user to control figure caption justification. IEEEtran.cls 
%    normally defaults to left justified as is done in Transactions.
%    However, for conferences, you may wish to issue the command:
%    \centerfigcaptionstrue
%    in the preamble. Short (less than one line long) figure captions
%    will then be centered. Multi-line figure captions will always be 
%    properly left justified. V1.6: This is already done for you when
%    using the conference mode.
%
%
%
%*******
% 1/2001 V1.3 
% Michael Shell (MDS) made extensive changes and additions:
%
%
% BUGS FIXED (and many others too numerous to mention!):
% 1) Fixed improper alignment with itemized, enumerated and
%    description lists. Added new controls to these three
%    environments so that it is easy to get the alignment IEEE
%    uses. Furthermore, the itemize, enumerate and description lists
%    no longer force a new paragraph to begin at the end the list
%    (\par). (Sometimes lists are used within paragraphs.) 
% 
% 2) JVH's fixes now allow things like $\mathbf{N}(0,P(0))$
%    to work properly without needing the extra braces:
%    ${\mathbf{N}}(0,P(0))$. There is no longer any dependence
%    on the "rawfonts" and "oldlfont" packages. Thanks Juergen! 
% 
% 3) Fixed underfull hbox errors and incorrect reference number
%    alignment when the number of references in the bibliography
%    exceeded 9 entries (which is almost every paper!).
%  
% 4) Removed dependence on the LaTeX sizexx.clo files.
%    Now, 9pt documents should work correctly even on systems that
%    lack a size9.clo file. This is most often used in conjunction
%    with the option "technote" for "correspondence" papers like those
%    in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. For virtually all
%    other papers, 10pt is used and so it is the default.
%    Some improper font sizes have been corrected. \footnotesize is
%    now 8pt in 9pt docs, so footnotes in technotes should be the
%    correct size now. 
% 
% 5) Added \interlinepenalty within the bibliography section to discourage
%    LaTeX from breaking within a reference. IEEE almost never breaks within
%    a reference and when they do it is usually in technotes
%    (correspondence papers). You may get an underfull vbox warning in the
%    bibliography indicating that the spacing just before the "REFERENCES" 
%    section is larger than normal, but the final result will be more like 
%    what IEEE will publish. See the comments in the BIBLIOGRAPHY section
%    around line 2034 below if you want to change this behavior.
%
% 6) No longer "blows up" when you use \paragraph and have a table
%    of contents.
% 
% 7) Theorem environment changed, (but for V1.6, back to the old way, sigh).
% 
% 8) Figure captions adjusted: IEEE left (not center) justifies
%    figure captions (for journals) and does not indent figure caption text.
% 
% 9) Adjusted some spacings in the table of contents(TOC))/list-of-figures/
%    list-of-tables so that section/table numbers will not so easily 
%    collide with the titles. Section VIII was usually the worst offender.
%    Still doesn't right justify the section numbers, but neither does 
%    article.cls (This must be why LaTeX likes the x.y.z section numbering
%    scheme unlike I, II, III, etc. of IEEE. )
%    It may be "normal" as it is (left justified). sigh.
% 
%10) Now uses "index terms" now as a heading instead of "keywords".
%    Furthermore, the "index terms" and "abstract" headings are in bold
%    italic. This is how IEEE does things.
%
%11) \thebibliography and \biography now put entries into
%    the table of contents for you.
%
% *******
%
%
%
%
%
% *******
% 9/2000 (JVH) changes: (now designated as V1.2)
% 
% made some corrections to get closer to LaTeX2e
% 20000906 Juergen v.Hagen
% vonhagen@ihefiji.etec.uni-karlsruhe.de
% 
% Permission to redistribute granted as of December 2000.
% *******
%
%
%
%
%
% *******
% 
% 1996 (JWD) LaTeX2e version: (now designated as V1.1)
%  
% In the most recent TeXhax digest, there was a request for a copy of
% IEEEtrans.sty modified to work with LaTeX2e.  I have a version I
% modified to make it IEEEtrans.cls, which I have sent to the person
% making the request and am now sending to you to consider posting to
% the archives.
% --
% Jon Dixon
% dixonj@colorado.edu
% http://spot.colorado.edu/~dixonj/
%
%*******
%
%
%
%
%
%*******
%
% 30-August-1993 original LaTeX 2.09 version (IEEEtran.sty),
% (now designated as V1.0):
%
% by Gerry Murray and Silvano Balemi
% Automatic Control Lab, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
% balemi@aut.ee.ethz.ch
%
%*******
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%
%
%
%
\ProvidesClass{ieeeconf}[2016/4/23 revision V1.6b by Pradeep Misra]
%\ProvidesClass{IEEEtran}[2002/11/18 revision V1.6b by Michael Shell]
%\typeout{-- See the "IEEEtran_HOWTO" manual for usage information.}
%\typeout{-- The source comments contain changelog notes.}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}

% define new needed flags to indicate document options
% and set a few "failsafe" defaults
\newif\if@twocolumnmode      \global\@twocolumnmodetrue
\newif\if@draftversion       \global\@draftversionfalse
\newif\if@draftclsmode       \global\@draftclsmodefalse
\newif\if@draftclsmodefoot   \global\@draftclsmodefootfalse
\newif\if@confmode           \global\@confmodefalse
\newif\if@peerreviewoption   \global\@peerreviewoptionfalse
\newif\if@peerreviewcaoption \global\@peerreviewcaoptionfalse

% we HAVE to turn off technote as there is no
% "not a tech note" option
\newif\if@technote      \global\@technotefalse

% V1.6 we allow the user to control whether or not the
% font interword spacings are tuned to be more like
% that of IEEE. The default is to tune things.
\newif\if@fonttunesettings   \global\@fonttunesettingstrue

% V1.6b flag to show if using a4paper
\newif\if@IEEEusingAfourpaper      \global\@IEEEusingAfourpaperfalse

% IEEEtran class scratch pad registers
% dimen
\newdimen\@IEEEtrantmpdimenA
\newdimen\@IEEEtrantmpdimenB
% count
\newcount\@IEEEtrantmpcountA
\newcount\@IEEEtrantmpcountB
% token list
\newtoks\@IEEEtrantmptoksA

% we use \@IEEEptsize so that we can ID the point size (even for 9pt docs)
% as well as LaTeX's \@ptsize to retain some compatability with some
% external packages
\def\@IEEEptsize{10}
\def\@ptsize{0}
% LaTeX does not support 9pt, so we set \@ptsize to 0 - same as that of 10pt
\DeclareOption{9pt}{\def\@IEEEptsize{9}\def\@ptsize{0}}
\DeclareOption{10pt}{\def\@IEEEptsize{10}\def\@ptsize{0}}
\DeclareOption{11pt}{\def\@IEEEptsize{11}\def\@ptsize{1}}
\DeclareOption{12pt}{\def\@IEEEptsize{12}\def\@ptsize{2}}


% \@IEEEmarginE is the side margin for equal margins
% \@IEEEmarginW is the wider side margin when the margins are not equal
% NOTE: BOTH of the above margins are as they appear
% on the paper - they are NOT offset by 1 inch
%\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\setlength{\paperheight}{11in}%
%                            \setlength{\paperwidth}{8.5in}%
%                            \def\@IEEEmarginE{0.680in}%
%                            \def\@IEEEmarginW{0.775in}%
%                            \@IEEEusingAfourpaperfalse}
%
%
%\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\setlength{\paperheight}{297mm}%
%                        \setlength{\paperwidth}{210mm}%
%                        \def\@IEEEmarginE{14.32mm}%
%                        \def\@IEEEmarginW{17mm}
%                        \@IEEEusingAfourpapertrue}
%
% [2004/1/15 revision V1.6b by Pradeep Misra]
\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\setlength{\paperheight}{11in}%
                            \setlength{\paperwidth}{8.5in}%
%			    \setlength{\topmargin}{0in}%
			    \setlength{\topmargin}{-22pt}% HK May 15 2013
                            \def\@IEEEmarginE{0.75in}%
                            \def\@IEEEmarginW{0.75in}}


\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\setlength{\paperheight}{297mm}%
                        \setlength{\paperwidth}{210mm}%
%			\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.69in}% HK May 15 2013
			\setlength{\topmargin}{+32pt}% HK May 15 2013
                        \def\@IEEEmarginE{13.15mm}%
                        \def\@IEEEmarginW{0.75in}}


\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}

\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\global\@twocolumnmodefalse}
% the file twocolumn.sty is not read as it changes \textwidth.
\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\global\@twocolumnmodetrue}

% If the user selects draft, then this class AND any packages
% will go into draft mode.
\DeclareOption{draft}{\global\@draftversiontrue \global\@draftclsmodetrue
\global\@draftclsmodefoottrue} 
% draftcls is for a draft mode which will not affect any packages
% used by the document.
\DeclareOption{draftcls}{\global\@draftversionfalse \global\@draftclsmodetrue
\global\@draftclsmodefoottrue} 
% draftclsnofoot is like draftcls, but without the footer.
\DeclareOption{draftclsnofoot}{\global\@draftversionfalse \global\@draftclsmodetrue
\global\@draftclsmodefootfalse} 
% we provide a final option just for completeness (article.cls has one)
\DeclareOption{final}{\global\@draftversionfalse \global\@draftclsmodefalse
\global\@draftclsmodefootfalse}

\DeclareOption{journal}{\global\@peerreviewoptionfalse \global\@peerreviewcaoptionfalse
\global\@confmodefalse \global\@technotefalse}

\DeclareOption{conference}{\global\@peerreviewoptionfalse \global\@peerreviewcaoptionfalse
\global\@confmodetrue \global\@technotefalse}

\DeclareOption{technote}{\global\@peerreviewoptionfalse \global\@peerreviewcaoptionfalse
\global\@confmodefalse \global\@technotetrue}

\DeclareOption{peerreview}{\global\@peerreviewoptiontrue \global\@peerreviewcaoptionfalse
\global\@confmodefalse \global\@technotefalse}

\DeclareOption{peerreviewca}{\global\@peerreviewoptiontrue \global\@peerreviewcaoptiontrue
\global\@confmodefalse \global\@technotefalse}

\DeclareOption{nofonttune}{\global\@fonttunesettingsfalse}


% IEEE uses Times font, so we'll default to times.
% These three commands make up the entire times.sty package.
\renewcommand{\sfdefault}{phv}
\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm}
\renewcommand{\ttdefault}{pcr}
% enable Times now - so that all class options can see the correct font families
\normalfont\selectfont


% default to US letter paper, 10pt, twocolumn, one sided, final, journal
\ExecuteOptions{letterpaper,10pt,twocolumn,oneside,final,journal}
% overrride these defaults per user requests
\ProcessOptions

% we can send console reminder messages to the user here
\AtEndDocument{\if@confmode%
\typeout{}%
\typeout{** Conference Paper **}%
\typeout{Before submitting the final camera ready copy, remember to:}%
\typeout{}%
\typeout{ 1. Manually equalize the lengths of two columns on the last page}%
\typeout{ of your paper;}%
\typeout{}%
\typeout{ 2. Ensure that any PostScript and/or PDF output post-processing}%
\typeout{ uses only Type 1 fonts and that every step in the generation}%
\typeout{ process uses the US letter (8.5in X 11in) paper size.}%
\typeout{}%
\fi}


% warn about the use of single column other than for draft mode
\if@twocolumnmode\else%
  \if@draftclsmode\else%
   \typeout{** ATTENTION: Single column mode is not normally used with IEEE publications.}%
  \fi%
\fi


% V1.6, if the user is using pdflatex, go ahead and set the output paper size.
% Otherwise, we declare the papersize via a \special for dvips.
% We keep the tests within braces because otherwise, if not using pdflatex,
% \pdfpageheight and \pdfpagewidth will be set to \relax - possibly affecting
% similar tests of other packages.
{\@ifundefined{pdfpageheight}{% not using pdflatex, setup paper size for dvips
\if@IEEEusingAfourpaper
\special{papersize=210mm,297mm}%
\else
\special{papersize=8.5in,11in}%
\fi}%
{% using pdftex, set paper size for pdftex
\global\pdfpageheight\paperheight\global\pdfpagewidth\paperwidth}}



% The idea hinted here is for LaTeX to generate markleft{} and markright{}
% automatically for you after you enter \author{}, \journal{},
% \journaldate{}, journalvol{}, \journalnum{}, etc.
% However, there may be some backward compatibility issues here as
% well as some special applications for IEEEtran.cls and special issues
% that may require the flexible \markleft{}, \markright{} and/or \markboth{}.
% We'll leave this as an open future suggestion.
%\newcommand{\journal}[1]{\def\@journal{#1}}
%\def\@journal{}



% pointsize values
% used with ifx to determine the document's normal size
\def\@IEEEptsizenine{9}
\def\@IEEEptsizeten{10}
\def\@IEEEptsizeeleven{11}
\def\@IEEEptsizetwelve{12}



% FONT DEFINITIONS (No sizexx.clo file needed) 
% V1.6 revised font sizes, displayskip values and
%      revised normalsize baselineskip to reduce underfull vbox problems
%      on the 58pc = 696pt = 9.5in text height we want
%      normalsize     #lines/column  baselineskip (aka leading)
%             9pt     63             11.0476pt (truncated down)
%            10pt     58             12pt      (exact)
%            11pt     52             13.3846pt (truncated down)
%            12pt     50             13.92pt   (exact)
%

% we need to store the nominal baselineskip for the given font size
% in case baselinestretch ever changes.
\newskip\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip
\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip\baselineskip

\ifx\@IEEEptsize\@IEEEptsizenine
\typeout{-- This is a 9 point document.}
\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize{\normalsize}{9}{11.0476pt}}%
\setlength{\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip}{11.0476pt}%
\normalsize
\abovedisplayskip 1.5ex plus3pt minus1pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
\abovedisplayshortskip 0pt plus3pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 1.5ex plus3pt minus1pt
\def\small{\@setfontsize{\small}{8.5}{10pt}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setfontsize{\footnotesize}{8}{9pt}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize{\scriptsize}{7}{8pt}}
\def\tiny{\@setfontsize{\tiny}{5}{6pt}}
% sublargesize is the same as large - 10pt
\def\sublargesize{\@setfontsize{\sublargesize}{10}{12pt}}
\def\large{\@setfontsize{\large}{10}{12pt}}
\def\Large{\@setfontsize{\Large}{12}{14pt}}
\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize{\LARGE}{14}{17pt}}
\def\huge{\@setfontsize{\huge}{17}{20pt}}
\def\Huge{\@setfontsize{\Huge}{20}{24pt}}
\fi


% Check if we have selected 10 points
\ifx\@IEEEptsize\@IEEEptsizeten
\typeout{-- This is a 10 point document.}
\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize{\normalsize}{10}{12.00pt}}%
\setlength{\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip}{12pt}%
\normalsize
\abovedisplayskip 1.5ex plus4pt minus2pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
\abovedisplayshortskip 0pt plus4pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 1.5ex plus4pt minus2pt
\def\small{\@setfontsize{\small}{9}{10pt}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setfontsize{\footnotesize}{8}{9pt}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize{\scriptsize}{7}{8pt}}
\def\tiny{\@setfontsize{\tiny}{5}{6pt}}
% sublargesize is a tad smaller than large - 11pt
\def\sublargesize{\@setfontsize{\sublargesize}{11}{13.4pt}}
\def\large{\@setfontsize{\large}{12}{14pt}}
\def\Large{\@setfontsize{\Large}{14}{17pt}}
\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize{\LARGE}{16}{20pt}}
\def\huge{\@setfontsize{\huge}{20}{24pt}}
\def\Huge{\@setfontsize{\Huge}{24}{28pt}}
\fi


% Check if we have selected 11 points
\ifx\@IEEEptsize\@IEEEptsizeeleven
\typeout{-- This is an 11 point document.}
\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize{\normalsize}{11}{13.3846pt}}%
\setlength{\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip}{13.3846pt}%
\normalsize
\abovedisplayskip 1.5ex plus5pt minus3pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
\abovedisplayshortskip 0pt plus5pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 1.5ex plus5pt minus3pt
\def\small{\@setfontsize{\small}{10}{12pt}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setfontsize{\footnotesize}{9}{10.5pt}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize{\scriptsize}{8}{9pt}}
\def\tiny{\@setfontsize{\tiny}{6}{7pt}}
% sublargesize is the same as large - 12pt
\def\sublargesize{\@setfontsize{\sublargesize}{12}{14pt}}
\def\large{\@setfontsize{\large}{12}{14pt}}
\def\Large{\@setfontsize{\Large}{14}{17pt}}
\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize{\LARGE}{17}{20pt}}
\def\huge{\@setfontsize{\huge}{20}{24pt}}
\def\Huge{\@setfontsize{\Huge}{24}{28pt}}
\fi


% Check if we have selected 12 points
\ifx\@IEEEptsize\@IEEEptsizetwelve
\typeout{-- This is a 12 point document.}
\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize{\normalsize}{12}{13.92pt}}%
\setlength{\@IEEEnormalsizefontbaselineskip}{13.92pt}%
\normalsize
\abovedisplayskip 1.5ex plus6pt minus4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
\abovedisplayshortskip 0pt plus6pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 1.5ex plus6pt minus4pt
\def\small{\@setfontsize{\small}{10}{12pt}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setfontsize{\footnotesize}{9}{10.5pt}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize{\scriptsize}{8}{9pt}}
\def\tiny{\@setfontsize{\tiny}{6}{7pt}}
% sublargesize is the same as large - 14pt
\def\sublargesize{\@setfontsize{\sublargesize}{14}{17pt}}
\def\large{\@setfontsize{\large}{14}{17pt}}
\def\Large{\@setfontsize{\Large}{17}{20pt}}
\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize{\LARGE}{20}{24pt}}
\def\huge{\@setfontsize{\huge}{22}{26pt}}
\def\Huge{\@setfontsize{\Huge}{24}{28pt}}
\fi


% V1.6 The Computer Modern Fonts will issue a substitution warning for
% 24pt titles (24.88pt is used instead) increase the substitution
% tolerance to turn off this warning
\def\fontsubfuzz{.9pt}
% However, the default (and correct) Times font will scale exactly as needed.


% warn the user in case they forget to use the 9pt option with
% technote
\if@technote%
 \ifx\@IEEEptsize\@IEEEptsizenine\else%
  \typeout{** ATTENTION: Technotes are normally 9pt documents.}%
 \fi%
\fi


% set \baselinestretch
\def\baselinestretch{1}
\if@draftclsmode% draft mode uses larger than normal spacing
\def\baselinestretch{1.5} % controls line spacing for draft version
\fi                       % some people may like 1.7 or greater
                          % so that there will be even more space
                          % for hand written comments 

\normalsize % make \baselinestretch take affect